Shamima Begum

2023 - 2 - 22

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Image courtesy of "The Guardian"

Shamima Begum loses appeal against removal of British citizenship (The Guardian)

Special immigration appeals commission decides revocation of her citizenship was lawful.

[five-day hearing in November](https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/nov/24/desensitised-ex-is-followers-remain-threats-shamima-begum-hearing-told), Begum, who was 15 when she left her home in east London with two school friends in 2015 to [travel to Syria](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/20/fears-london-schoolgirls-isis-syria), challenged the decision [taken by the then-home secretary, Sajid Javid, in 2019](https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/mar/09/sajid-javid-moral-coward-death-begum-baby). [she described as “worse than prison”](https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/jan/11/shamima-begum-understands-public-anger-but-not-bad-person) because there was no limit to the length of her detention there. [Shamima Begum](https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/shamima-begum), who [left Britain as a schoolgirl](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/20/fears-london-schoolgirls-isis-syria) to join [Islamic State](https://www.theguardian.com/world/islamic-state) (IS), has lost an appeal against the decision to remove her British citizenship.

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Image courtesy of "BBC News"

Shamima Begum bid to regain UK citizenship rejected (BBC News)

The 23-year-old loses her appeal against the decision to remove her citizenship on national security grounds.

Sajid Javid, who was home secretary when the decision to strip Ms Begum of her British citizenship was taken, welcomed the ruling. "If asked to evaluate all the circumstances of Ms Begum's case, reasonable people with knowledge of all the relevant evidence will differ, in particular in relation to the issue of the extent to which her travel to Syria was voluntary and the weight to be given to that factor in the context of all others," said the judge. But despite those concerns, the judge said even if Ms Begum had been trafficked, that did not trump the home secretary's legal duty to make a national security decision to strip her of her British nationality. In a summary of the ruling, Mr Justice Jay said: "The Commission concluded that there was a credible suspicion that Ms Begum had been trafficked to Syria. "The Commission also concluded that there were arguable breaches of duty on the part of various State bodies in permitting Ms Begum to leave the country as she did and eventually cross the border from Turkey into Syria." Shamima Begum has lost her challenge over the decision to deprive her of British citizenship despite a credible case she was trafficked.

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Image courtesy of "Evening Standard"

Shamima Begum loses UK citizenship appeal (Evening Standard)

The decision means Ms Begum remains barred from returning to the UK and stuck in a camp in northern Syria.

She married and later had three children, all of whom have died. “In all the circumstances... The court also rejected claims by Ms Begum that the decision to strip her of her citizenship was pre-determined, in breach of equality duties and family rights, and taken without proper consideration of the risk she might pose on her return home.

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Image courtesy of "Chard & Ilminster News"

Shamima Begum: Straight A student to 'stateless' jihadi bride (Chard & Ilminster News)

Shamima Begum was once a London schoolgirl until Scotland Yard raised concerns she and two of her fellow pupils had travelled to Syria in February 2015.

She told the podcast she accepted she is viewed “as a danger, as a risk”, but blamed her portrayal in the media. Ms Begum said there was “no evidence” she was a key player in preparing terrorist acts and was prepared to prove her innocence in court. She was dealt a fresh blow when the Supreme Court ruled she could not come back to the UK – leading to her begging the British public for forgiveness. They had three children together, who all later died from malnourishment or disease. Since then, the former IS bride has been embroiled in a battle with the British legal system – she lost her latest legal challenge over the decision to deprive her of her British citizenship on Wednesday. In the same month, she was stripped of her British citizenship after announcing her desire to return to the UK with her then unborn third child.

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Image courtesy of "ITV News"

Shamima Begum loses appeal against decision to remove UK ... (ITV News)

Shamima Begum's lawyers argued that the Home Office had a duty to investigate whether she was a victim of trafficking before stripping her of citizenship.

Reacting to the ruling, a Home Office spokeswoman said: “We are pleased that the court has found in favour of the government’s position in this case. He added that given Ms Begum was now in Syria, the Home Secretary was not compelled to facilitate her return nor stopped from using “deprivation powers”. Her fate is not widely known. She has been locked in a legal battle with the government ever since. But Mr Justice Jay said in a summary of the commission’s decision that the existence of this suspicion was “insufficient” for her to succeed on her arguments that the deprivation of her British citizenship failed to respect her human rights. On Wednesday, the Special Immigration Appeals Commission concluded there was a “credible suspicion” that Ms Begum was trafficked to Syria for “sexual exploitation” and that there were “arguable breaches of duty” by state bodies in allowing her to travel to the country.

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Image courtesy of "Sky News"

Shamima Begum loses legal case over British citizenship and return ... (Sky News)

Two years ago, Shamima Begum said she expected to go to prison if she was allowed back into the UK, but claimed the only law she had broken was travelling ...

Begum rejected accusations she carried out atrocities as part of IS as "all completely false". More than 100 people were stripped of their citizenship after going to Syria or Iraq to join the terrorist organisation. The commission recognised the "considerable force" in submissions advanced on behalf of Begum that the Home Secretary's conclusion that she travelled voluntarily to Syria was "as stark as it is unsympathetic". The Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC) concluded there was "credible suspicion" that Begum was trafficked to Syria for "sexual exploitation" and that there were "arguable breaches of duty" by state bodies in allowing her to travel to the country. While the appeal was dismissed, the tribunal concluded that there was "credible suspicion" that Begum was trafficked to Syria for "sexual exploitation" and that there were "arguable breaches of duty" by state bodies in allowing her to travel to the country. But Mr Justice May said in a summary of the decision that the existence of this suspicion was "insufficient" for her to succeed on her arguments that the deprivation of her British citizenship failed to respect her human rights, adding that given she was now in Syria, the home secretary was not compelled to facilitate her return nor stopped from using "deprivation powers".

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Image courtesy of "Mirror.co.uk"

Ex-ISIS member Shamima Begum cannot return to UK after losing ... (Mirror.co.uk)

Shamima Begum cannot come back to the UK after the court decision meant she has lost her battle for British citizenship eight years after she joined ISIS.

These extreme powers have been used almost exclusively against Muslims, mainly of South Asian, Middle-Eastern and African heritage, creating a two-tier citizenship system completely at odds with British values of fairness and equality before the law." Then in 2021, the Supreme Court overturned this, finding national security fears outweighed right to an effective hearing. Since 2000, the UK has deprived at least 212 people of citizenship: more than ten times as many as France or Australia. Begum's lawyer has said it’s far from over and will be challenging the judgement. [BBC](https://www.mirror.co.uk/all-about/bbc) documentary, Begum said whatever happens she does not expect to be let back and regardless of the decision she believes she will remain in Syria. In 2020, the Court of Appeal gave her permission to return to the UK to appeal her revoked citizenship.

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Image courtesy of "CNN"

British woman who joined ISIS as a teen loses UK citizenship appeal (CNN)

The British woman, who flew to Syria to join the terror group in 2015, has lost her appeal against the decision to revoke her UK citizenship.

She gave birth to her son, Jarrah, in al-Hawl in February of that year. While in Syria, Begum married an ISIS fighter and spent several years living in Raqqa. Begum, now aged 23, flew to Syria in 2015 with two school friends as a teenager join the ISIS terror group. Begum then reappeared in al-Hawl, a Syrian refugee camp of 39,000 people, in 2019. The following year, the Supreme Court reversed that decision, arguing that the Court of Appeal made four errors when it ruled that Begum should be allowed to return to the UK to carry out her appeal. In 2020, the UK Court of Appeal ruled Begum should be granted leave to enter the country because otherwise, it would not be “a fair and effective hearing.”

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Image courtesy of "Chard & Ilminster News"

Shamima Begum loses bid to regain British citizenship (Chard & Ilminster News)

Amnesty International has criticised the ruling which followed a five-day hearing in November.

He continued in a 76-page public judgment: “This Secretary of State … In a statement Gareth Pierce and Daniel Furner, from Birnberg Pierce Solicitors, said: “The outcome is that there is now no protection for a British child trafficked out of the UK if the home secretary invokes national security. “The case against the Home Office is less clear-cut; the case against the Security Services appears thin.” Mr Justice Jay also said in a summary of the commission’s decision that the existence of this suspicion was “insufficient” for her to succeed on her arguments that the deprivation of her British citizenship failed to respect her human rights, adding that given she was now in Syria, the Home Secretary was not compelled to facilitate her return nor stopped from using “deprivation powers”. “In the commission’s opinion, there is a credible suspicion that Ms Begum was recruited, transferred and then harboured for the purpose of sexual exploitation,” he continued in the ruling. Giving the decision of the commission, Mr Justice Jay said that the tribunal found that there was a “credible suspicion” Ms Begum had been trafficked to Syria for sexual exploitation, “to which, as a child, she could not give a valid consent”.

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Image courtesy of "The Independent"

Shamima Begum cannot return to UK after losing appeal against ... (The Independent)

Begum's lawyers vow to challenge decision after court finds she may have been trafficked to Syria for sexual exploitation.

“Ultimately, the commission has not been able to conclude … At a previous hearing in February 2020, SIAC ruled that the decision to remove her British citizenship was lawful as Begum was “a citizen of Bangladesh by descent”, but her lawyers said she had been made “de facto stateless”. Amnesty International UK said Begum had been left trapped “in a war-torn country and left largely at the mercy of gangs and armed groups”, and argued that anyone suspected of terror offences should be returned to their home countries for investigation and potential prosecution. But the court found that those factors were not a bar to citizenship deprivation, and that issues around whether Begum travelled to Syria voluntarily and poses a threat “are for the secretary of state to evaluate and not for the commission”. Mr Justice Jay said the SIAC had found the case to be “of great concern and difficulty”, and that its judgments had been “finely balanced”. A summary of the judgment said there was “credible suspicion” that Begum had been trafficked to

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Image courtesy of "Redditch Advertiser"

Shamima Begum: Straight A student to 'stateless' jihadi bride (Redditch Advertiser)

Shamima Begum was once a London schoolgirl until Scotland Yard raised concerns she and two of her fellow pupils had travelled to Syria in February 2015.

She told the podcast she accepted she is viewed “as a danger, as a risk”, but blamed her portrayal in the media. Ms Begum said there was “no evidence” she was a key player in preparing terrorist acts and was prepared to prove her innocence in court. She was dealt a fresh blow when the Supreme Court ruled she could not come back to the UK – leading to her begging the British public for forgiveness. They had three children together, who all later died from malnourishment or disease. Since then, the former IS bride has been embroiled in a battle with the British legal system – she lost her latest legal challenge over the decision to deprive her of her British citizenship on Wednesday. In the same month, she was stripped of her British citizenship after announcing her desire to return to the UK with her then unborn third child.

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Image courtesy of "POLITICO.eu"

'ISIS bride' Shamima Begum loses appeal over loss of British ... (POLITICO.eu)

The 23-year-old is now unlikely to be able to return to the UK.

She joined the Islamic State terrorist group, marrying a fellow member shortly after her arrival in Syria. At a secret hearing in November, Begum challenged the removal of her citizenship by the U.K. Her citizenship was removed as the government judged her to be a threat to national security.

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Image courtesy of "Amnesty International"

UK: Judgement on Shamima Begum's citizenship is 'disappointing' (Amnesty International)

Responding to news that Shamima Begum has lost her appeal at the Special Immigration Appeals Tribunal over the stripping of her UK citizenship, ...

Responding to news that Shamima Begum has lost her appeal at the Special Immigration Appeals Tribunal over the stripping of her UK citizenship, Steve Valdez-Symonds, Amnesty International UK’s Refugee and Migrant Rights Director, said:

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Image courtesy of "Redditch Advertiser"

Shamima Begum loses challenge over removal of British citizenship (Redditch Advertiser)

Ms Begum, now 23, brought a challenge against the Home Office over this decision at the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC), a specialist tribunal ...

The judge said: “In short, the commission decided that a finding that Ms Begum has been trafficked does not operate as a form of limitation on the Secretary of State’s wide powers.” He said: “The commission has fully recognised the considerable force in the submissions advanced on behalf of Ms Begum that the Secretary of State’s conclusion, on expert advice, that Ms Begum travelled voluntarily to Syria is as stark as it is unsympathetic. Giving the decision of the tribunal, Mr Justice Jay said that “reasonable people will differ” over the circumstances of Ms Begum’s case.

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Image courtesy of "Morning Star Online"

Shamima Begum loses appeal against British citizenship removal (Morning Star Online)

Although court found there was 'credible suspicion' that she was trafficked for sexual exploitation as a child, it was not enough for her to win her appeal.

Every possible avenue to challenge this decision will be urgently pursued.” Ms Begum remains in unlawful, arbitrary and indefinite detention without trial in a Syrian camp. Money from shares contributes directly to keep our paper thriving. However the judge added that the commission was concerned by the security services’ “apparent downplaying of the significance of radicalisation and grooming, in stating that what happened to Ms Begum is not unusual.” “But the real point here is that, in the light of Begum, this is exactly the sort of issue that lies within the judgement of the Secretary of State and not the commission.” In its judgement, the commission concludes that there was credible suspicion that Ms Begum was trafficked to Syria for the purposes of sexual exploitation as a child.

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Image courtesy of "Redditch Advertiser"

Shamima Begum's legal fight over British citizenship 'nowhere near ... (Redditch Advertiser)

Giving the tribunal's decision, Mr Justice Jay found that while there was a “credible suspicion that Ms Begum was recruited, transferred and then harboured for ...

It is commonplace that they succeed.” “But the real point here is that, in the light of Begum, this is exactly the sort of issue that lies within the judgment of the Secretary of State and not the commission.” Ms Braverman said: “My priority is, and always will be, the safety and security of the UK. Gareth Peirce, another of Ms Begum’s lawyers, called the decision “an extraordinary judgment delivered in an extraordinary way”. During the five-day hearing in November, Ms Begum’s lawyers argued that she should have been viewed as a victim of child trafficking and that she was “persuaded, influenced and affected with her friends by a determined and effective Isis propaganda machine”. “It was for those advising the secretary of state and not for the appellate tribunal to consider and assess whether Ms Begum’s travel was voluntary,” he said in a 76-page public judgment.

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Image courtesy of "Chard & Ilminster News"

Shamima Begum's legal fight over British citizenship 'nowhere near ... (Chard & Ilminster News)

The 23-year-old has lost a challenge against the decision to strip her of her citizenship on national security grounds.

It is commonplace that they succeed.” “But the real point here is that, in the light of Begum, this is exactly the sort of issue that lies within the judgment of the Secretary of State and not the commission.” Ms Braverman said: “My priority is, and always will be, the safety and security of the UK. Gareth Peirce, another of Ms Begum’s lawyers, called the decision “an extraordinary judgment delivered in an extraordinary way”. During the five-day hearing in November, Ms Begum’s lawyers argued that she should have been viewed as a victim of child trafficking and that she was “persuaded, influenced and affected with her friends by a determined and effective Isis propaganda machine”. “It was for those advising the secretary of state and not for the appellate tribunal to consider and assess whether Ms Begum’s travel was voluntary,” he said in a 76-page public judgment.

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Image courtesy of "Redditch Advertiser"

Shamima Begum loses bid to regain British citizenship (Redditch Advertiser)

Amnesty International has criticised the ruling which followed a five-day hearing in November.

He continued in a 76-page public judgment: “This Secretary of State … In a statement Gareth Pierce and Daniel Furner, from Birnberg Pierce Solicitors, said: “The outcome is that there is now no protection for a British child trafficked out of the UK if the home secretary invokes national security. “The case against the Home Office is less clear-cut; the case against the Security Services appears thin.” Mr Justice Jay also said in a summary of the commission’s decision that the existence of this suspicion was “insufficient” for her to succeed on her arguments that the deprivation of her British citizenship failed to respect her human rights, adding that given she was now in Syria, the Home Secretary was not compelled to facilitate her return nor stopped from using “deprivation powers”. “In the commission’s opinion, there is a credible suspicion that Ms Begum was recruited, transferred and then harboured for the purpose of sexual exploitation,” he continued in the ruling. Giving the decision of the commission, Mr Justice Jay said that the tribunal found that there was a “credible suspicion” Ms Begum had been trafficked to Syria for sexual exploitation, “to which, as a child, she could not give a valid consent”.

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Image courtesy of "cosmopolitan.com"

“My time meeting Shamima Begum and Hoda Muthana in a Syrian ... (cosmopolitan.com)

As Shamima Begum's appeal is rejected, one writer recalls the time she spent in a Syrian detention camp with Begum and Hoda Muthana who ran away to join ...

And although Hoda was born and raised in America, the US government disputes that she was ever actually a citizen. She worked in the camp and tried to help other women like Shamima and Hoda who had left ISIS. She told me she knows Shamima and Hoda well and was adamant that they should be given the opportunity to return home. She talked about how the group targeted and groomed “younger women who were vulnerable and didn’t know the religion well themselves” and about the problems she was having in the US at the time, alleging that she was facing abuse. When I questioned the camp authorities on the graveyard, they acknowledged it is a “problem” and said they’re currently trying to find more space for a “new graveyard.” At the time, she was about to embark on her biggest court challenge yet, in which she appealed the legality of the government's decision to remove her citizenship. Hoda and Shamima seemed like genuine friends and I was pleased when they said they were happy to show me their lives in the camp. Most adults have also been stripped of their citizenship, and of those, most of the women were found to have been trafficked, and trafficked as children too. And the threat of ISIS was why I was so worried about the trip. I put in an official request to meet some of the women there, then all I had to do was wait. I made it clear that I was there to hear their side of the story. She was 20 when she left the United States to travel to Syria and join ISIS.

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Image courtesy of "Aljazeera.com"

How and why did Shamima Begum lose her UK citizenship? (Aljazeera.com)

Begum, whose nationality was stripped after she travelled to Syria to join ISIL (ISIS), continues to fuel debate.

Canada and the UK declined to comment on the allegations, as is routine for security issues involving intelligence agencies. “You are a British/Bangladeshi dual national who, it is assessed, has previously travelled to Syria and aligned with ISIL. It can be removed by the Secretary of State, but not if to do so would render the subject stateless”. “I have one citizenship … Begum will have to take the case directly to the Court of Appeal in London if she wishes to challenge the decision, according to legislation that covers the tribunal. However, the case was taken to the Supreme Court, which ruled in 2021 that while Begum has a right to challenge the decision, she should do so from outside the UK due to “security concerns”. It is assessed that your return to the UK would present a risk to the national security of the United Kingdom,” a letter sent to her family in 2019 by the Secretary of State’s Private Office [denied this](/news/2019/2/21/shamima-begum-is-british-has-no-claim-to-bangladesh-minister) and said she would not be allowed in the country. [newspaper in 2019](/news/2019/2/14/uk-schoolgirl-who-ran-away-to-join-isil-wants-to-come-home), Begum said she was tired of life on the battlefield and feared for her unborn child. Citizenship is a legal status that “means a person has a right to live in a state and that state cannot refuse them entry or deport them”, according to the Migration Observatory of the University of Oxford. The British government stripped Begum of her citizenship in 2019, shortly after she was found in a detention camp in Syria. [lost her latest appeal](/news/2023/2/22/shamima-begum-sees-uk-citizenship-appeal-rejected) against the removal of her citizenship.

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